Genetics has a great influence over components of the athletic performance such as strength, power, endurance, muscle fibre size and composition, flexibility, neuromuscular coordination, temperament and other phenotypes. Despite a relatively high heritability of athlete status, the search for genetic variants contributing to predisposition to success in certain types of sport has been a challenging task. The effect of genetic markers  depends on either  ethnic or  specific factors of population, such as gene-gene and gene-environment interaction. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of gene polymorphisms with athlete status in Ukrainians.